#U.S speeded-up America reaches milestone with COVID-19 vaccine widely available

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The expert team of USA Today celebrated the success of the COVID-19 vaccine program in the United States, but worried that although most Americans can get the vaccine, too many people will not get the vaccine.
As of Monday, every American over the age of 16 who wants to get an injection can use the COVID-19 vaccine, but the panel of experts convened by USA Today is still deeply concerned about those who do not need the vaccine.
Several panelists said that the anxiety about shooting is normal and expected and can be resolved through education and example.
Dr. Gregory Poland, director of the Mayo Clinic Vaccine Research Group, said: “People who have questions should answer those questions. It’s fair, and it’s on us.”
What he and others worry about are those who deny the importance of vaccines and try to persuade others to give up vaccinations.
Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna's vaccines have been proven to be effective – they can prevent more than 90% of infections in both clinical trials and actual research. And they have been proven safe and have been delivered to more than 125 million Americans.
Dr. Paul Offit, director of the Vaccine Education Center at the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, said: "Finding a better vaccine will have trouble."
For nearly a year, the monthly "USA Today" has been reviewed by a team of experts on the development and launch of the COVID-19 vaccine, whose expertise ranges from virology to logistics.
We ask members to create a hypothetical clock that starts at midnight, when the virus first receives public attention, until noon, and is available to anyone who wants to inject.
In June of last year, the first month we reported, the team members set the time to 4 am, and it is estimated that most months are advanced by an hour.
Although the use of a computerized registration system is still a challenge in many states, it has theoretically reached noon and most people can use the vaccine.
Due to the difficulties encountered in the development and launch of the vaccine, we originally hoped to postpone the clock at least once. Although it took 11 months to develop for eight hours, we never backed down, which proves the fact that a lot of resources have been invested in the production of vaccines in record time.
This month, the message from 15 panelists is clear: The vaccine is a safe, effective, and scientific victory – essential for ending the pandemic and restoring the US economy. The biggest challenge is to have enough people to accept them.
COVID-19 claims that [color = var (-font-color, #222)] has more than 567,000 lives in the United States and made millions of people sick, but there are still too many Americans worried about the tinyness that all vaccines will bring Security risks.
"This threat is right in front of our eyes, and what we worry about through it is that after tens of millions of vaccinations, theoretically excessive risks are not supported," said Dr. Otto Yang, an infectious disease expert at the agency. UCLA Geffen School of Medicine.

In 2018, vaccine indecision was listed by the World Health Organization as one of the top ten global health threats.
People still seem to think that pathogens are not a problem unless they are personally affected.
Poland said: "I heard people say,'We didn't take it seriously until the brother died, we saw what he went through, and then we changed our minds,'" "This means that many people have to die to convince people."
Some team members expressed optimism that they could persuade most people to get vaccinated to protect themselves and others.
Dr. Monica Gandhi, an infectious disease expert at the University of California, San Francisco, said: "I am surprised that these vaccines are so effective in the real world. Vaccines."
Dr. Kelly Moore, deputy director of the Immunization Action Coalition, a non-profit organization, said: “Nothing can be as successful as success.”
What victory looks like
Despite the difficulties, the development and promotion of vaccines is an incredible achievement.
Less than a year after the SARS-CoV-2 virus was identified, the first vaccines were developed and large-scale clinical trials were completed. The large amount of federal funding under the Trump administration has ensured that large-scale manufacturing will not lag far behind.
Under the leadership of the Biden administration, the distribution and production of vaccines has increased dramatically, and more than 3 million Americans (about 1% of the total population) are vaccinated every day.
Moore said this success increased the stakes for vaccinating the majority of the population.
She said: "If we fail, it is a failure of will, not a failure of science." "Except for ourselves, we have no one to blame."
Biden said that despite the launch
Vaccine, but COVID is still very dangerous.

In recent weeks, the biggest vaccination setback has occurred in the safety and production issues surrounding Johnson & Johnson vaccine, which was authorized for use in the United States on February 27, and the AstraZeneca-Oxford vaccine, which has not yet been applied for here. Authorized, but used worldwide.
Since the Biden government has purchased enough Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna vaccines, the midsummer vaccine supply should cover every American adult who wants to be injected, as well as more remaining teenagers and children (not yet qualified).
Even if Johnson & Johnson and AstraZeneca have never been used here, the fifth vaccine produced by Novax may be approved.
Yang said that vaccines are not the full solution to the problem. It is also important to wear masks and avoid crowds. During a pandemic, leaders often withdrew from these measures when they were supposed to encourage people to move on.
Yang said: “As soon as the number of people dropped, they began to relax the containment measures.” Compare it with the situation where the firefighters left the fire scene as soon as they gained control. "When the flame is low, this is the time to redouble your efforts and intensify your efforts, because that is when you have the opportunity to put out the fire."
What else needs to be done to vaccinate Americans?
Experts say that because it is difficult to control the virus through behavior, vaccines have become the only way to stop this crisis.
Dr. Michelle McMurry-Heath, President and CEO of the Trade Organization Biotechnology Innovation Organization, said: "Addressing vaccine hesitation is critical to ending this pandemic and revitalizing the economy across the country."
They put forward some creative ideas to encourage more people to be vaccinated.
Pamela Bjorkman, a structural biologist at the California Institute of Technology, reviewed the era when the polio vaccine was introduced. At that time, he was publicly vaccinated as a role model to encourage people to get vaccinated.
She called it the "Elvis Effect", which led to more people being vaccinated against poliovirus. Elvis Presley (Elvis Presley) received polio vaccine on TV before participating in the "Ed Sullivan Show" in 1956.
Bjorkman said: "We need a series of'Elvis' to promote vaccination against COVID-19."
Sam Halabi, a law professor at the University of Missouri, hopes to see more famous people, such as the Los Angeles Laker La Laker LeBron James, get public vaccinations.
Former President Jimmy Carter (Jimmy Carter), Bill Clinton (Bill Clinton), George W. Bush (George W. Bush), Barack Obama (Barack Obama) and his first lady are former President Donald T. Trump (Donald Trump) and first lady Melania Trump (Melania Trump) were vaccinated, but less publicly.
Communication expert Peter Pitts believes that everyone who is vaccinated can "sell" the idea of ​​vaccination to others.
"Targeted public relations and advertising campaigns are important, but the real meaning (both literally and figuratively) is that neighbors talk to friends, neighbors and relatives about their positive experiences and sense of freedom after being vaccinated. ", President Peters said. Co-founder of the Public Welfare Medical Center.
He said: "Peer pressure is a powerful tool to combat vaccine skepticism."
Yang believes that interpersonal relationships will be the key, because few Americans trust experts or the news media.
Yang Jie said: “They need to get information from people they know and believe.” “Politics and false information pollute the public’s psychology so much that many people don’t even trust the most well-known sources of information, or worse. , They believe in false information based on political stance."
People need to be reminded that after being vaccinated, they will not only help themselves, but also help people who cannot be fully protected because of weak immune function, allergies to gunshots, or physical weakness.
He recalled when California lawmakers tried to decide whether to allow parents to exempt their children from routine child vaccinations. When a 5-year-old boy named Luke was unable to shoot because he was being treated for leukemia, he stood up in front of the state legislature and the trend turned to support vaccination.
He stood on the stool and picked up the microphone. "He said,'What about me? I rely on you to protect me," Offfitt recalled.
Vivian Rifberg, a professor of practice at the Darden School of Business at the University of Virginia, said: “In the end, the real carrot watched the vaccinated people gradually return to their normal lives. Unfortunately, the real root may lie in the ongoing disease. Unnecessary death."
Surprise, good and bad
For the last question of the team members, we asked them what was most surprising about the development and distribution of the vaccine.

Most people cited the speed at which effective vaccines are widely available.

Arti Rai, professor of law and health law expert at Duke University School of Law, said: “I am surprised that the brilliance of global science and the spirit of collaboration have flooded useful vaccines, but I am not surprised.” It surprised me. However, the ability of the U.S. public health care system to do reasonable delivery has been challenged in many ways. "

Prakash Nagarkatti, vice president of research at the University of South Carolina, said: "I am surprised to see the effectiveness of this vaccine in preventing hospitalization and death."

Rifberg said: "Without a vaccine, we now have to consider not only the fourth wave, but also the fifth, sixth and so on."

She praised the public-private partnership that produced vaccines in record time and the effective use of government funds to support vaccine development and save the economy.

She said: "Imagine if there is no vaccine, the economy will collapse completely." "At this time last year, it was an obvious possibility."

On the negative side of the ledger, several panelists were frustrated by the fragmentation of the healthcare system, especially under the leadership of the Trump administration, where every state in the state operates on its own with little guidance from Washington.

Florian Krammer, a virologist at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai in New York City, said: "I am surprised that we are not prepared for this." "If we respond appropriately from the beginning, many Life could have been saved."

Dr. William Schaffner, a professor and infectious disease expert at Vanderbilt University School of Medicine in Nashville, Tennessee, said he was frustrated that it took so long to launch the vaccine there. He said: "In addition, how many changes have taken place in the vaccination priorities between states."

Several panelists said that this slow start has turned into an astonishing pace and is expected to serve as a model for solving other problems.


Prashant Yadav, a medical supply chain expert and senior researcher at the Global Development Center, said: "This gives people confidence in the government's ability to quickly achieve mass production." "We hope this confidence will infect others. Domain-If we can do this in the field of public health, can we do it more comprehensively in health care?"

Several panelists pointed out that the virus highlights the challenges facing the U.S. health care system and the need to prioritize global health.

Rifberg said: "Although this is not surprising, this epidemic has exposed serious inequalities in healthcare/society that need to be addressed."

She and others said they were shocked by the widespread rejection of science and the politicization of basic health measures such as wearing masks, vaccines, and vaccine passports to certify vaccination.

Rifberg said she was disappointed that there were not many good ways to fight COVID-19. She said: "After a year and about 1,000 clinical trials, all we have is remdesivir (maybe), monoclonal antibodies (due to variants, which have not worked well today) and steroids."

The panelists said their concerns did not diminish their overall enthusiasm for vaccines and their potential to have a real impact in the pandemic – saving lives and freeing people from the extremely difficult predicament of the past year

Pitts said: "The resilience of the average American is amazing."

How did we do it
USA Today asked scientists, researchers and other experts how much progress they think has been made in vaccine development since the virus was first discovered on January 1, 2020. Fifteen people responded this month. We thank them for their time invested in this project.

https://www.usatoday.com/in-depth/news/health/2021/04/19/covid-vaccine-tracker-available-widely-hesitancy/7187382002/