GAJUS

Obersliutenant

Tak sedar pula pokok gajus ni tumbuhan tropika... mana tau boleh tanam di malaysia juga ni..



The tree










The cashew-nut tree is a fast grower and an evergreen tropical tree. It grows to a height of 12 m. Blossoming takes place between November and January. Seedling trees flower in the third year after planting. The fruit ripens fully within 2 months.

The fruit (nut)

The nut is attached to the lower portion of the cashew apple which is conically shaped. The cashew nut (seed) hangs at the bottom of the apple, and is c-shaped.

The cashew seed has within the outside shell the edible kernel or nut. In its raw form the cashew kernel is soft, white and meaty. When roasted it changes colour and taste. Salted, it appeals to the palate as the most delicious nut.

Cashew apples and cashew nuts are excellent sources of nutrition. The cashew apple contains five times more vitamin C than an orange and contains more calcium, iron and vitamin B1 than other fruit such as citrus, avocados and bananas.

Cashew shell oil extracted from the shells is caustic and causes burns on the skin. The mucous membranes of the mouth and throat are severely affected when it comes into contact with shell oil or the irritating fumes emitted during roasting. The oily shell liquid has many uses.

Climatic requirements

Cashew trees are genuinely tropical and very frost sensitive.
The trees grow in a wide spectrum of climatic regions between the 25 癗 and S latitudes.
Although the cashew can withstand high temperatures, a monthly mean of 25 癈 is regarded as optimal.
Yearly rainfall of 1 000 mm is sufficient for production but 1 500 to 2 000 mm can be regarded as optimal.
The cashew tree has a well-developed root system and can tolerate drought conditions. Rain during the flowering season causes flower abortion due to anthracnose and mildew.
During harvesting, while nuts are on the ground, rain and overcast weather causes the nuts to rot or start germinating.
Nuts germinate within 4 days when lying on wet soil.
Trees grow well at Pongola, Hluhluwe, Mtubatuba and Makhathini where the climate can be described as warm-subtropical. The Natal coastal region north of Empangeni as well as the Pongola valley are suitable areas for cashew production. Regions in the interior, such as Malelane and Hoedspruit, with warm summers and winters are also suitable. In other subtropical regions of South Africa, where the absolute minimum temperature falls below 7 癈, commercial plantings will be at a high risk.




Soil requirements
The cashew is a strong plant that is renowned for growing in soils, especially sandy soils, that are generally unsuitable for other fruit trees. For the best production deep, well-drained sandy or sandy-loam soil is recommended. Cashew trees will not grow in poorly-drained soils.

Establishment
Self-pollination and cross-pollination play an important role in the formation of cashew seed. Seedlings therefore show great variation and no "true to type" trees can be grown from seed.

Selected trees should preferably be multiplied by grafting or air layering because vegetative propagation will ensure the best production and quality. Trees that are precocious bearers and grow vigorously are selected.

Nuts should weigh between 8 and 9 g with a density of not less than 1,0.

Trees with yellow to grey-brown apples have exhibited the most resistance against anthracnose and are associated with the best production.

Planting
Fresh seeds that sink in water are planted in an upright position in a planting bag containing a loose, sterilised soil mixture. Three to four seeds can be planted directly in the planting hole. The weakest ones are thinned out later and the strongest left to develop further. The seedlings are very susceptible to Phytophthora root rot. The plant bags should be 350 to 400 mm deep, as the tap-root grows very fast and bends around as soon as it touches the bottom.

Grafting
Two grafting techniques, namely side grafting and wedge grafting are practised with success. Grafting should commence as soon as possible (seedlings of 3-4 months old) and planted out in the orchard to prevent the tap-root from bending.

Seedlings
Cashew seedlings are grown under shade (45 %) and hardened off before planting in the orchard. It is very important not to disturb the root system during planting. Young trees should be supported for the first 2 to 3 years so that wind will not blow the plants over.

Planting distance
Planting distances of 8 x 5 m is recommended. The trees grow vigorously in the first 3 years and as soon as the crowns touch each other alternate trees should be removed until the permanent planting distance of 10 to 12 m is reached. Branches hanging on the ground should be removed because they interfere with harvesting. In other parts of the world cashew trees bear well, in spite of the little attention devoted to the orchards.

Growth and production of cashew trees can be enhanced by establishing clonal orchards, and improving fertilising and irrigation practices

Fertilisation
The application of nitrogen and phosphate are important. Approximately 75 g LAN and 200 g superphosphate per year age of the tree is applied annually with a maximum of 750 g LAN and 2 kg superphosphate. Cashew trees are subject to zinc deficiency that can be treated with 200 g zinc oxide/100 l water applied as a leaf spray.

Flowering to harvest time
Flowering is affected by weather conditions and also varies from tree to tree, but continues for a period of 3 months. High temperatures lead to earlier flowering. Both male and bisexual flowers are borne on one cluster. The flowers are very susceptible to mildew and control thereof on the leaves and flowers is a prerequisite for good production.

Pollination is mostly by insects. After pollination it takes 6 to 8 weeks for the fruit to develop. The nut develops first while the apple develops and enlarges only 2 weeks before fruit fall. Nuts should be harvested as soon as possible, especially under wet conditions and should be dried before storage.

Irrigation
Irrigation is important during establishment of young trees because it doubles the growth tempo of young trees in a dry season. Due to the deep root system the trees can survive several months without irrigation. Mature trees should receive 1 800 l of water per tree every 2 weeks.

[ Last edited by  noor_hannah at 13-10-2006 10:39 PM ]

Obersliutenant

manakan boleh dapat biji pokok gajus?

noor_hannah

Originally posted by Obersliutenant at 13-9-2006 08:37 PM
Tak sedar pula pokok gajus ni tumbuhan tropika... mana tau boleh tanam di malaysia juga ni..



The tree






http://www.joetourist.ca/bel ...

u baru tau ke?? pokok ni.. jiran sebelah rumah kak noor ada tanam.. sebiji mcm ni lah.. betul2 kat pagar yg memisahkan rumah kak noor dgn dia.. rasa buah ni ingat2 lupa.. lama dah.. tapi sedap..

Obersliutenant

mungkin belum pernah nampak org tanam kat Sabah .. kak noor_hannah, di mana boleh dapat bijinya?

ev700

Ober.. kat kampung ev banyak pokok ni... tumbuh melata je.. kami ambil pucuk dia buat ulam, buah dia yang masih belum masak boleh masak lemak atau gulai, yang dah masak makan gitu je... org terengganu panggil jambu golok....

noor_hannah

Originally posted by Obersliutenant at 13-9-2006 10:45 PM
mungkin belum pernah nampak org tanam kat Sabah .. kak noor_hannah, di mana boleh dapat bijinya?

ni kes lama.. tahun70 an dulu.. entah ada ke tak pokok tu..

pinatbate

masa kecil saya selalu makan buah ni cecah kicap cili garam...daunnya mak buat ulam..sekarang dah tak ada lagi pokok tu...tapi masa gi langkawi 2 tahun lepas ada makan ulam daun gajus ni...kat kedai makan orang jual..

MaRLa

sedap gak...kita pon suka tapi buah gajus tak sedap. kelat gitu.

MaRLa

ober nak tanya....u nih dari mana. baru berjinak ngan kebun ker?

Obersliutenant

dari Sabah , memang berminat berkebun dari kecik lagi..

bolehlah sya dianggap begitu, harap maaf la kalau terlalu tanya banyak soalan..sya ke sini pun mau belajar juga

[ Last edited by  Obersliutenant at 15-9-2006 09:02 PM ]

kacang^soya

Kebun pakcik aku kat paya jaras ader tanam...besar pokok tu...buah jgn cerita la...tapi kacang tu kecut  camtu je taktau nak kopek cemana...selalu kutip pucuk daun dia buat ulam...sedap..

long

Originally posted by noor_hannah at 13-9-2006 10:23 PM


u baru tau ke?? pokok ni.. jiran sebelah rumah kak noor ada tanam.. sebiji mcm ni lah.. betul2 kat pagar yg memisahkan rumah kak noor dgn dia.. rasa buah ni ingat2 lupa.. lama dah.. tapi sedap..

noor rasa buah ni ..kalau yg dah masak tu manis2 kelat gitu!
masa kecik2 dulu long kat Semerak, Pasir Puteh, Kelantan..baaaaaaaaanyak pokok2 ni org tanam ke tumbuh sendiri wallahualam! tiap2 kali   jalan nak gi ngaji ngan kawan.. kalau nampak buah ni yg yg boleh capai..mesti cabut biji gajus ni...lama2 buah2 dia yg rendah2 tu..sumer x der biji dah kena kasi hahahahha!....biji2 gajus ni plak..bila dah kumpul2 + yg mak beli..............upah ler antar potong dan kupas..susah nak belah sendiri sebab biji dia banyak getah..silap2 boleh berkudis tangan kalau kena getah dia!

[ Last edited by  long at 15-9-2006 10:24 PM ]

long

x silap long...ada sejenis lagi warna buah dia purple...

long

kat klate buah ni dipanggil buah ketereh...kat tganung panggil jambu golok..!

long

Originally posted by ev700 at 13-9-2006 11:40 PM
Ober.. kat kampung ev banyak pokok ni... tumbuh melata je.. kami ambil pucuk dia buat ulam, buah dia yang masih belum masak boleh masak lemak atau gulai, yang dah masak makan gitu je... org terengg ...

betul..sedap kan!
teringat arwah mak long dulu2  suka buat kerabu...sedap sungguh!
buah dia..diracik2 halus..pastu perah buah air..
di tumbuk :-
isi ikan rebus
bawang merah
cili
kerisik
lada hit am
gula dan garam
santan

gaulkan ngan buah yg dah diperah air tu...

Obersliutenant

Chewaaah ,siap dengan resipiya sekali..haha

nazurah

wooo...baru ni tau org klate panggil ketereh ekk.. jiran sebelah rumah dulu ada tanam pokok gajus ni. tak pnah plak rasa buah dia.

yati8018

[quote]Originally posted by Obersliutenant at 13/9/2006 20:37
Tak sedar pula pokok gajus ni tumbuhan tropika... mana tau boleh tanam di malaysia juga ni..

Ingat lg ms kecik2 klu balik kampung panjat pokok gajus dpn umah maktok ngan wan petik gajus. Pastu maktuk ngan wan goreng biji gajus. Sedappppppppppp.

yati8018

Originally posted by kacang^soya at 15/9/2006 22:11
Kebun pakcik aku kat paya jaras ader tanam...besar pokok tu...buah jgn cerita la...tapi kacang tu kecut  camtu je taktau nak kopek cemana...selalu kutip pucuk daun dia buat ulam...sedap..

Ms kecik2 dulu thn 90an ler...........ketuk ngan batu.

ev700

Originally posted by long at 15-9-2006 10:30 PM


betul..sedap kan!
teringat arwah mak long dulu2  suka buat kerabu...sedap sungguh!
buah dia..diracik2 halus..pastu perah buah air..
di tumbuk :-
isi ikan rebus
bawang merah
cili
kerisi ...

alamak long.... ni siap bagi resipi ni, nanti ade org tak mengandung yang mengidam nanti ni...hmm, kalau kat sini nak guna buah ape buat alternative ya.. tak de kot, sbb gajus ni special sungguh struktur buah dia tu...