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Several members of Lee's family hold prominent positions in Singaporean society, and his sons and daughter hold high government and government-linked posts. His elder son Lee Hsien Loong, a former Brigadier-General, has been the Prime Minister since 2004, and Finance Minister of Singapore. He is also the Vice-Chairman of the Government of Singapore Investment Company (GIC) |
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Merger with Malaya, then separation |
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Designating official languages
Lee designated English as the language of the workplace and the common language among the different races, while recognising Malay, Chinese, and Tamil as the other three official languages. All state schools use English as the medium of instruction, although there are also lessons for the so-called mother tongues.
Lee discouraged the usage of non-Mandarin Chinese dialects (such as Hokkien, Teochew and Cantonese) by promoting Mandarin as the 'Mother Tongue' of ethnic Chinese, in view of having a common language of communication within the Chinese community. In 1979, Lee officially launched the first Speak Mandarin Campaign. Lee also cancelled the broadcasting of all television programmes in non-Mandarin dialects, with the exception of news and operas, for the benefit of the older audience. However, the policy worked at the expense of non-Mandarin Chinese dialects. Since that time, most of the younger Chinese Singaporeans are no longer able to speak non-Mandarin Chinese dialects fluently, thus encountering some difficulty when communicating with their dialect-speaking grandparents.
In the 1970s, graduates of the Chinese-language Nanyang University were facing huge problems finding jobs because of their lack of command in the English language, which was often required in the workforce, especially the public sector. In response, Lee had Nanyang University absorbed by the English-language University of Singapore; the combined institution was renamed the National University of Singapore. This move greatly affected the Chinese-speaking lecturers and professors who would now have to teach in English. It was also opposed by some Chinese groups who had contributed significantly to the building of Nanyang University and therefore had strong emotional attachments to the school.
[edit] Government policies
Like many countries, Singapore was not immune to the disease of corruption. Lee was well aware how corruption had led to the downfall of the Nationalist Chinese government in mainland China. Fighting against the communists himself, he knew he had to 'clean house'. Lee introduced legislation that gave the Corrupt Practices Investigation Bureau (CPIB) greater power to conduct arrests, search, call up witnesses, and investigate bank accounts and income tax returns of suspected persons and their family. With Lee抯 support, CPIB was given the authority to investigate any officer or minister. Indeed, several ministers were later charged with corruption.
Lee believed that ministers should be well paid in order to maintain a clean and honest government. In 1994, he proposed to link the salaries of ministers, judges, and top civil servants to the salaries of top professionals in the private sector, arguing that this would help recruit and retain talents to serve in the public sector.
In the late 1960s, fearing that Singapore's growing population might overburden the developing economy, Lee started a vigorous 'Stop-at-Two' family planning campaign. Couples were urged to undergo sterilisation after their second child. Third or fourth children were given lower priorities in education and such families received less economic rebates.
In 1983, Lee sparked the 'Great Marriage Debate' when he encouraged Singapore men to choose women with high education as wives. He was concerned that a large number of graduate women were unmarried. Some sections of the population, including graduate women, were upset by his views. Nonetheless, a match-making agency Social Development Unit (SDU) was set up to promote socialising among men and women graduates. Lee also introduced incentives, such as tax rebates, schooling, and housing priorities for graduate mothers who had three or four children, in a reversal of the over-successful 'Stop-at-Two' family planning campaign in the 1960s and 1970s. By the late-1990s, birth rates had become so low that Lee's successor Goh Chok Tong extended these incentives to all married women, and gave even more incentives, such as the 'baby bonus' scheme.
[edit] Relations with Malaysia
[edit] Mahathir bin Mohamad
Lee looked forward to improving relationships with Mahathir bin Mohamad upon the latter's promotion to Deputy Prime Minister. Knowing that Mahathir was in line to become the next Prime Minister of Malaysia, Lee invited Mahathir (through then-President of Singapore Devan Nair) to visit Singapore in 1978. The first and subsequent visits improved both personal and diplomatic relationships between them. Mahathir told Lee to cut off links with the Chinese leaders of the Democratic Action Party; in exchange, Mahathir undertook not to interfere in the affairs of the Malay Singaporeans.
In December 1981, Mahathir changed the time zone of the Malay Peninsula in order to create just one time zone for Malaysia, and Lee followed suit for economic and social reasons. Relations with Mahathir subsequently improved in 1982.
In January 1984, Mahathir imposed a RM100 levy on all goods vehicles leaving Malaysia and Singapore. However, when Musa Hitam tried to discourage Mahathir's policy, the levy was doubled to discourage the use of Singapore's port, and a breakdown in relations with Malaysia was evident.
In June 1988, Lee and Mahathir reached a major agreement in Kuala Lumpur to build the Linggui dam on the Johor River. Lee approached Mahathir in 1989, when he intended to move the railway customs from Tanjong Pagar in Southern Singapore to Woodlands at the end of the Causeway, in part because of an increasing number of cases of drug smuggling into Singapore. This caused resentment in Malaysia, as some of the land would revert to Singapore when the railway tracks were no longer used. In response, Mahathir designated Daim Zainuddin, then Minister of Finance of Malaysia, to settle the terms.
After months of negotiation, an agreement was reached involving the joint development of three main parcels of land in Tanjong Pagar, Kranji, and Woodlands. Malaysia had a sixty per cent share, while Singapore had a forty per cent share. The Points of Agreement (POA) was signed on 27 November 1990, a day before Lee stepped down as Prime Minister. |
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Legacy and memoirs
[edit] Legacy
During the three decades in which Lee held office, Singapore grew from being a developing country to one of the most developed nations in Asia, despite its small population, limited land space and lack of natural resources. Lee has often stated that Singapore's only natural resources are its people and their strong work ethic. He is widely respected by many Singaporeans, particularly the older generation, who remember his inspiring leadership during independence and the separation from Malaysia. He has often been credited with being the architect of Singapore's present prosperity, although the role was also played by his Deputy Prime Minister, Dr Goh Keng Swee, who was in charge of the economy.
[edit] Controversies
On the other hand, some Singaporeans and foreigners[[3]] have criticized Lee as elitist and even an autocrat, and that the economic prosperity under Lee was achieved at the expense of much political and social freedom. Lee was once quoted as saying he preferred to be feared than loved[[4]]. A strong believer that the ends justify the means, Lee often prescribed certain repressive measures to safeguard national security and interests.
Lee has been criticized for implementing some harsh measures to suppress political opposition and freedom of speech, such as outlawing public demonstrations without an explicit police permit, the restriction of the press freedom, and the use of defamation lawsuits to bankrupt political opponents, such as Joshua Benjamin Jeyaretnam, Tang Liang Hong and Chee Soon Juan. On political matters, public opinion was rarely solicited.
On the above issue, Devan Nair, the third president of Singapore and who was living in exile in Canada, remarked in a 1999 interview with the Canadian newspaper Globe and Mail that Lee's technique of suing his opponents into bankruptcy or oblivion was an abrogation of political rights. He also remarked that Lee is 'an increasingly self-righteous know-all', surrounded by 'department store dummies'. In response to these remarks, Lee sued Devan Nair in a Canadian court and Nair countersued.[5] Lee then brought a motion to have Nair's counterclaim thrown out of court. Lee argued that Nair's counterclaim disclosed no reasonable cause of action and constituted an inflammatory attack on the integrity of the government of Singapore. However, The Ontario Superior Court of Justice refused to throw out Nair's counterclaim, holding that Lee had abused the litigating process and therefore Nair has a reasonable cause of action. [[5]]
On one occasion, after a court ruling in favour of Lee was overturned by the Privy Council, the government abolished the right of appeal to the Council. Throughout Lee's premiership from 1959 to 1990, the Internal Security Act was invoked several times to arrest and detain a number of people without trial, often for alleged involvement in "pro-Communist" or "Marxist" activities. Chia Thye Poh, a former MP of the opposition Barisan Socialis, was detained for 32 years, including nine years on the resort island of Sentosa. In order to give full authority to the judges in their judicial decisions, Lee abolished the jury system in the courts. He argued that jurors are more liable to be swayed emotionally whereas a judge would be more objective and impartial.
[edit] Memoirs
Lee Kuan Yew has written a two-volume set of memoirs: The Singapore Story (ISBN 0-13-020803-5), which covers his view of Singapore's history until its separation from Malaysia in 1965, and From Third World to First: The Singapore Story (ISBN 0060197765), which gives his account of Singapore's subsequent transformation into a prosperous first-world nation.
[edit] Awards
Lee has received a number of state decorations, including the Order of the Companions of Honour (1970), Knight Grand Cross of the Order of St Michael and St George (1972), the Freedom of the City of London (1982), the Order of the Crown of Johore First Class (1984), the Order of Great Leader (1988) and the Order of the Rising Sun (1967).
Lee also received other decorations which include the highest honour of Honorary Fellowship of the Edinburgh Royal College of Medicine (1988), and Man for Peace (1990).
In 2002, Lee Kuan Yew was formally admitted to the Fellowship of Imperial College London in recognition of his promotion of international trade and industry, and development of science and engineering study initiatives with the UK.[6]
In 2007, Lee was conferred a Doctorate in Law at the Australian National University in Canberra, albeit amid protest from students and staff. [7] |
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dempol This user has been deleted
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dempol This user has been deleted
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dempol This user has been deleted
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Reply #8 dempol's post
Aku tak tahu kenapa orang barat agak mengagumi The Old And Senile LKY. Mungkin sebab dia lebih kepada pro-barat agaknya. Sebab secara peribadi, aku berpendapat bahawa LKY adalah diktaktor demokrasi. Demokrasi di Singapork lebih mirip kepada demokrasi terpimpin.
LKY adalah contoh diktaktor demokrasi.... |
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Seorang pemimpin yang mengapi-apikan sentimen perkauman |
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LKY adalah seorang pemimpin yg mudah terasa terpinggir......... |
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Betul ker Lee Kuan Yew ni fasih berbahasa melayu?
(aku nak bukti kalau ada) |
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dempol This user has been deleted
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Originally posted by keep88 at 6-8-2007 22:01 
Betul ker Lee Kuan Yew ni fasih berbahasa melayu?
(aku nak bukti kalau ada)
bukan setakat fasih..malah boleh membaca dan menulis jawi lagi..ade orang kata dia ni bukan Cina asli(Cina Bukit)..dia ni peranakan juga(Baba dan Nyonya) |
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dempol This user has been deleted
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Originally posted by jkkkj at 6-8-2007 21:08
Seorang pemimpin yang mengapi-apikan sentimen perkauman
sebab tu Temasik dipisahkan dari Malaya...dia bermain dengan isu perkauman dalam parlimen..langsung Tunku pinggirkan Temasik |
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dempol This user has been deleted
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aku tak suka LKY nih sbb gila kuasa...
Dia ni dh jadi menteri mentor singapura plak...
Dr. Mahathir pun dh bersara & setakat pegang jawatan yg ringan2 ikut kemampuan kudrat dia jer..
dh tua tu, duk la umah diam2 jerk atau bukak bisnes sendiri.....
mmg ptt pun Singapura dikeluarkan dari M'sia..
tapi yg rugi Melayu juga sbb hilang sebuah pulau ke tgn kaum pendtg... |
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Originally posted by ijad_adiputera at 13-8-2007 09:03 AM
aku tak suka LKY nih sbb gila kuasa...
Dia ni dh jadi menteri mentor singapura plak...
Dr. Mahathir pun dh bersara & setakat pegang jawatan yg ringan2 ikut kemampuan kudrat dia jer..
dh tua tu ...
Diorang cuba jadikan singapura sebagai syurga immigran sbb bagi mereka semua penduduk singapura adalah immigran.. termasuklah melayu yang bagi mereka baru je lepak kat pulau tuh utk beberapa ratus tahun.. Ada juga yang kata sebenarnya orang cina sendiri dah lama duduk dekat singapura sebelum orang melayu.. Cube tgk dokumentari The History Of Singapore dekat Discovery Channel.. rasa macam propaganda PAP pon ade jugak |
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Post time 5-8-2007 01:28 PM
变色卡
Author
