MIND YOUR LANGUAGE...Practice Makes Perfect

amorist

Cuba bulan tengok ni:

I love to run
I love to eat
I love to smile
I love to play

Apakah sifat perkataan "run", "eat", "smile" dan "play" yang mengikuti phrase "I love to" dalam ayat-ayat diatas? Noun atau verb? A gerund is a noun.....

seribulan

your examples are for verbs..

but there are always exceptional cases in
English Language...

the example i gave was taken from a letter
i used to teach my students..they inquired
why after 'to' the verb is added with -ing..

i love to hearing from you soon..

this is a wish...just like

i hope to meeting you in the future..

here...meeting is a gerund (noun)...

i am scared to comitting suicide...

(something that had not happen
but may happen)

amorist

Bulan dapat dari mana letter tu? Siapa yang tulis?

Kalau "I look forward to hearing from you soon", ayat tu tak ada masaalah. Atau pun "I love hearing from you" (tak ada "to" ) pun betul juga.

Tapi "I love to" menandakan perbuatan (yang disukai). Maksudnya, "I love to <do something>. Tapi kalau tak ada "to", ia diikuti oleh noun - "I love <something>"

Perbezaannya antara "do something" dengan "something".

seribulan

alamak..kena selongkar
teaching notes balik...
nanti arr...kena balik
ipoh ..baru boleh...ni
kat kg...hehhehheheh..

amorist

Biasanya, kalau boleh letak gerund, kita boleh letak noun lain. So cuba kita letak noun lain selepas "I love to" :

I love to cats
I love to mountains
I love to food
I love to you

Janggal bunyinya, kan? Jadi, noun tak sesuai selepas "I love to". Tapi, kalau selepas "I love", memang boleh:

I love cats
I love mountains
I love food
I love you

seribulan

tapi gerund ni special case..

l love to having you here
i wish to claiming you as my wife
i fear to losing my mind

seribulan

The Gerund


Recognize a gerund when you see one.

Every gerund, without exception, ends in -ing. Gerunds are not, however, all that easy to pick out. The problem is that all present participles also end in -ing. What is the difference?
Gerunds function as nouns. Thus, gerunds will be subjects, subject complements, direct objects, indirect objects, and objects of prepositions. Present participles, on the other hand, complete progressive verbs or act as modifiers. Read these examples:

Since Francisco was five years old, swimming has been his passion.
Swimming = subject of the verb has been

Francisco's first love is swimming.

Swimming = subject complement of the verb is

Francisco enjoys swimming more than spending time with his girlfriend Diana.

Swimming = direct object of the verb enjoys

Francisco gives swimming all of his energy and time.

Swimming = indirect object of the verb gives

When Franciso wore dive fins to class, everyone knew that he was devoted to swimming.

Swimming = object of the preposition to

One day last summer, Francisco and his coach were swimming at Daytona Beach.

Swimming = present participle completing the past progressive verb were swimming

A great white shark ate Franciso's swimming coach.

Swimming = present participle modifying coach

Now Francisco practices his sport in safe swimming pools.

Swimming = present participle modifying pools



contoh di atas..

When Franciso wore dive fins to class, everyone knew that he was devoted to swimming.

Swimming = object of the preposition to

link http://www.chompchomp.com/terms/gerund.htm

amorist

Kalau "love" atau "hate", tak ada "to". Kalau "look forward" atau "devoted" ada "to".

I love swimming.
I hate swimming.
I look forward to swimming.
I am devoted to swimming.

amorist

Tambah sikit - sama juga untuk noun yang lain:

I love you.
I hate you.
I am devoted to you.

I love parties
I hate parties
I look forward to parties

amorist

About Verbs

1. Some verbs can only use nouns or gerunds (verbing) as the direct object.
examples: enjoy, finish, quit, stop, keep, discuss, practice

I enjoy reading
Please finish studying
I quit smoking

2. Some verbs can only use nouns or infinitives to show the direct object:

examples: want, need, learn, play, try

I want you
I need him
(gerunds cannot be used with these verbs)

3. Some verbs can use either a noun, a noun phrase, a gerund, or an infinitive:

examples: like, hate, love, start, begin, continue

I like swimming
I hate hiking
see: http://depts.gallaudet.edu/engli ... /directobjects.html

4."To" has 2 different functions

a) together with gerund: "I look forward to having lunch with you..."
b) Infinitive: "I began to say something."

read: http://mailbox.univie.ac.at/hans.platzer/grpres/inginf.htm

mbhcsf

cayalah ini bab semantics + parts pf speech ..
wow
seronoknyer sayer hari ni ...bless you guys.salam.:bg::bg::bg:

seribulan

:bg: thanx 4 de info...

but i still maintain

i love to hearing from you...

is correct..

i get back to this later on...:2cool:

areyantie

Originally posted by seribulan at 6-10-2003 02:39 PM:
:bg: thanx 4 de info...

but i still maintain

i love to hearing from you...

is correct..

i get back to this later on...:2cool:

baguslah ko ni bulan... aku kagum ler... ko ni mmg minat English ka... aku kagumler sbb tak ramai yg ambik kos english yg ada inisiatif macam ko ni.. keep on the good work.. all the best

seribulan

taklah...memang minat reading..
so english offers a variety of choices...
but i'm not a native speaker...so byk:stp:
lagik yg perlu dipelajari gak..meh la same2
mempelajarinya..
bro amor tuh lagik bagus...:bg:

seribulan

amorist

Nak tambah sikit....

Originally posted by mbhcsf at 2003-7-19 11:15 AM:
1) MAY
2) can
3) could

1. "May I..." bermaksud "Boleh saya..." (meminta kebenaran)

Contoh: "May I borrow your pen?" (Boleh saya pinjam pen awak?)

2. "Can I..." bermaksud "Terdaya atau termampukah saya..." or "dibenarkankah saya..."

Contoh: Can I climb that mountain?" - "Terdayakah saya mendaki gunung itu?"
"Can I go in there?" - "Dibenarkankah saya masuk kedalam sana?"

3. "Could" biasanya digunakan apabila kita meminta seseorang melakukan sesuatu. Contoh: "Could you please go to the shop for me?" - (Boleh  tolong pergi kekedai untuk saya?)

"Would" juga digunakan bila meminta tolong, dan bermaksud "mahukah" - "Would you please switch on the fan for me" memberi maksud "Mahukah tolong pasangkan kipas untuk saya?"

4. Tetapi yang selalu menjadi masaalah ialah penggunaan "shall" dan "will".
"Shall" biasanya digunakan sebagai perintah - "You shall do as I say". (Awak akan lakukan apa yang saya kata" )
"Will" digunakan untuk diri sendiri - "I will do it". (Saya akan lakukannya)

5. "Should" pulak bermaksud "patut" atau "wajar" - "Should I go?" (Wajarkah saya pergi?" )

seribulan

WOW...now back to
modals again...thanx
bro...

seribulan

link on modal...:2cool:


[ Last edited by seribulan on 11-10-2003 at 03:21 AM ]

seribulan

Shall and Will

People may sometimes tell you that there is no difference between shall and will, or even that today nobody uses shall (except in offers such as "Shall I call a taxi?"). This is not really true. The difference between shall and will is often hidden by the fact that we usually contract them in speaking with 'll. But the difference does exist.

The truth is that there are two conjugations for the verb will:

(as shown in the link above)...

seribulan

Tag Questions



Tag questions are used when seeking confirmation of what one believes to be true. They restate, in question form, the previously spoken sentence. For example,

He is an engineer. Isn抰 he?
They抮e not from Colorado. Are they?
Zack is really tired. Isn抰 he?
She is going to Taiwan, isn抰 she?
You have never been to Las Vegas. Have you?
The Rays are playing the Jays. Aren抰 they?

You went to the supermarket. Didn抰 you?
Zane doesn抰 live in Missouri. Does he?
Ms. Zeller has a new car. Doesn抰 she?
(Positive statement, negative tag)
(Negative statement, positive tag)
(Positive statement, negative tag)
(Positive statement, negative tag)
(Negative statement, positive tag)
(Positive statement, negative tag)

(Positive statement, negative tag)
(Negative statement, positive tag)
(Positive statement, negative tag)


In tag questions, the corresponding pronoun and the first verb of the corresponding yes/no question are used. Also, notice that with positive statements, negative tag questions are used and vice versa. See also: Grammar: Yes/No Questions
Common mistakes:


You are the zookeeper. Yes
You抮e the zookeeper. Aren抰 you?
You come from Canada. No?
You come from Canada. Don抰 you?

You抮e the boss. Are you?
You抮e the boss. Are you?

Simon is from Singapore. Isn抰 it?
Simon is from Singapore. Isn抰 he?
(Incorrect)
(Correct)
(Incorrect)
(Correct)

(Incorrect-in most situations)
(Correct)

(Incorrect)
(Correct)


Some modals can be used in tag questions: can, will, would, could, should and must.


Mr. James will be at the ceremony. Won抰 he?
They couldn抰 do it. Could they?

Note: When the subject is 揑