pada zaman ice age, ummah indon dah pandai buat jewelry, ummah ibu pertiwi?

Changa

http://www.livescience.com/58516 ... ndonesian-cave.html


Dated to between 26,000 to 22,000 years ago, this artifact, made from the bone of a bear cuscus, was likely worn as a pendant on the Indonesian island of Sulawesi where it was found.







Art and jewelry dating back to the last ice age have been unearthed in a cave in Indonesia —a discovery that suggests the people who lived there at that time were more culturally advanced than some experts previously thought.

The artifacts, which include pendants and beads made from the bones of "pig-deer" and monkey-like marsupials, date back at least 22,000 years, researchers report in a new study.

Archaeologists discovered the artifacts in Wallacea, a 1,000-mile-wide (1,600 kilometers) zone of mainly Indonesian islands separating Southeast Asia from Australia, and the items are now shedding light on the colonization of this area and nearby Australia. Previous research found that modern humans reached Wallacea by about 47,000 years ago.

Although many of the 2,000 or so islands that make up this archipelago were habitable during the Pleistocene epoch — often called the ice age— the current archaeological record for humans from this region during that time consists of just a handful of sites from only seven islands, said study lead author Adam Brumm, an archaeologist at Griffith University in Australia.

"Wallacea is the place that yielded the 'hobbit' fossils in 2003 and some of the world's oldest rock art in 2014," Brumm said."It is clearly of immense importance for our comprehension of human evolution, and the culture and experiences of the first people to inhabit Australia more than 50,000 years ago; yet from an archaeological perspective, we have only the most basic understanding." [Photos of the Hobbit, Homo Floresiensis]

Symbolic jewelry

The recently discovered trove of ice-age art described in the new study was unearthed at Leang Bulu Bettue, a cave and rock shelter on Sulawesi, the largest island in Wallacea.

"We uncovered abundant evidence for a variety of symbolic behavior, suggesting a flourishing artistic culture existed on Sulawesi during the tail end of the last ice age," Brumm told Live Science.

The items, unearthed during archaeological excavations between 2013 and 2015, range from 22,000 to 30,000 years old. They include disc-shaped beads made from the teeth of tusked boar-like animals known as babirusas, also known as "pig-deer," and a pendant made from a finger bone of a monkey-like, tree-dwelling marsupial known as a bear cuscus. These creatures are "exotic animals found only on this island," Brumm said. [In Photos: The World's Oldest Cave Art Found in Indonesia]



Other artifacts included stone flakes incised with geometric patterns; fragments of mineral pigments such as red- and mulberry-colored ochre; and a long, hollow bear-cuscus bone with traces of red and black pigment that might have been used as a kind of airbrush for creating rock art, the researchers said.

The researchers noted that until now, no collections of diverse ice-age artifacts from Wallacea had been found. "The discovery is important because it challenges the long-standing view that hunter-gatherer communities in the Pleistocene tropics of Southeast Asia were less advanced than their counterparts in Upper Paleolithic Europe, long seen as the birthplace of modern human culture," Brumm said.

Creative people

Prior work in Wallacea had unearthed only sparse evidence of Pleistocene-era art, jewelry and other examples of cultural complexity from Wallacea and nearby Southeast Asia and Sahul. This led some researchers to suggest that the peoples of these areas were less advanced than others elsewhere across the globe during the Pleistocene. Others argued that this area had been explored much less than sites elsewhere in the Old World, and that artifacts that may reflect cultural complexity in Wallacea might not have preserved well.

These new findings suggest that ancient humans in Wallacea "were creative and artistic people whose symbolic culture adapted readily to the marsupials and other novel forms of animal life encountered in this region," Brumm said.

These cultural adaptations might have been crucial to the colonization of the ancient continent of Sahul — what is now Australia, New Guinea and Tasmania — given the rich, diverse, unique and unfamiliar animal and plant species there, Brumm said. All in all, the intricate symbolic relationships seen between humans and animals "that characterize Aboriginal cultures of Australia may have their roots in the human journey through Wallacea prior to the settlement of Sahul," Brumm said.

Although the extinct human lineage nicknamed the "hobbits" were found on the Indonesian island of Flores, south of Sulawesi, Brumm stressed that "there is no obvious connection between this discovery and the 'hobbit' lineage."

Future research will continue excavations at this site "with the aim of searching for more evidence for the artistic culture and symbolic lives of some of the world's earliest known cave artists, and to try to determine when modern humans first colonized Sulawesi," Brumm said.

The scientists detailed their findings online today (April 3) in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

Changa

cc @Amarsakti20 @...aetis

sila hencap ummah ibu pertiwi yang masih bercawat daun, makan babi mentah pada waktu itu

S|_BUTA

Ummah bercawat pakai tulang pun mau heran. Dasar ummah bercawat.

Changa

http://www.livescience.com/48200-oldest-cave-art-indonesia.html

...aetis

Changa replied at 4-4-2017 11:53 AM
cc @Amarsakti20 @...aetis

sila hencap ummah ibu pertiwi yang masih bercawat daun, makan babi ment ...

ummah ibu pertiwi masih bogel dan bergayut kat  atas pokok sis

tripleid

ada terbaca tajuk artikel ni dkt lmn web livescience.com semalam.
nmpak ada nama indon terus xjadi ai baca

finesse

Amboi sis begitu membenci ummah pertiwi.
Moga2 lebih banyak penemuan arkeologi ummah pertiwi.
Pusat arkeologi global usm sekarang giat mencari penemuan baharu.

...aetis

penemuan syok sendiri je

penemuan indon sume diakui oleh dunie

atira

Changa replied at 4-4-2017 11:53 AM
cc @Amarsakti20 @...aetis

sila hencap ummah ibu pertiwi yang masih bercawat daun, makan babi ment ...

ibu pertiwi waktu itu bercawat dgn penuh anggun dan fashionable la sistah

...aetis

yg membina madagascar pon ummah indon moyang seluruh melayu

30 Indonesian Women  Founded Madagascar

The land of freaky animals and amazing biodiversity, Madagascar was also one of the last places to be settled by humans. And new research suggests that didn't happen until about 1,200 years ago.

The colonization might even have been an accident, the researchers say. A small group of Indonesian women settled the island in one fell swoop, possibly making their way there after their trading vessel capsized.

"The unusual thing about this island is Madagascar is a long way away from Indonesia. … It was also settled very recently; by this time, most of the world had already been settled," study researcher Murray Cox, of Massey University in New Zealand, told LiveScience. "We are talking about an entire culture being trans-located across the Indian Ocean." [The World's Biggest Oceans and Seas]

Mad about Madagascar

Previous genetic research showed that, surprisingly, instead of coming from Africa, the people living on the island off the east coast of Africa seem to have come from Indonesia, another island nation a quarter of the world, or some 3,500 miles (about 5,600 kilometers), away.

An Indonesian village along a riverbank.
An Indonesian village along a riverbank.
Credit: Francois Ricaut
"What we haven't known is exactly how that happened. When did those people arrive and how did they arrive?" Cox said.

To find out, Cox and his colleagues analyzed genes from the mitochondria of 300 native Madagascans and 3,000 Indonesians. Mitochondria are the cell's energy factories, but they are special because their genes are inherited only from our mothers.

These genes showed a clear similarity between the Indonesian and Madagascar genomes. To find out how long ago and how many Indonesian settlers there when the island's population was founded, the team ran various computer simulations that started out with different founding populations at different times until the results matched their real-life data. The researchers found that the island was most likely settled by a small population of about 30 women, who arrived in Madagascar around 1,200 years ago. Ninety-three percent (28) of these women were Indonesian, and the other 7 percent (two individuals) were African.

Almost all native Madagascans are related to these 30 women, they found.

What about the men?

Previous research on Madagascans, specifically on the Y sex chromosome (passed from father to son), indicates that the males of this founding population were also from Southeast Asia, though they don't know how many there were.

"You see there are Indonesian Y chromosomes in the population," Cox said. "We know that both Madagascan men and women come from Indonesia, we just don't know exactly how many men. Our evidence suggests it's also a small number."

Archaeological evidence suggests that these few settlers quickly set down roots: "You have this rise and spread very rapidly to take over the island," Cox said, "perhaps in the matter of a few generations." [Gallery: Images of Uncontacted Tribes]

Surprise shipwreck

So, how did they get there? The researchers aren't sure. The fact that there were only 30 women, and likely no more than that of men, means it probably wasn't intentional, Cox said. He suggests that a shipping vessel, which can hold up to 500 people, could have capsized, and its travelers could have ended up on the shores of the African island.

"I wouldn't say we were sure it was an accidental voyage, but the new evidence suggests this is a good idea," Cox said.


The study will be published tomorrow (March 21) in the journal Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences.

Amarsakti20

Changa replied at 4-4-2017 11:53 AM
cc @Amarsakti20 @...aetis

sila hencap ummah ibu pertiwi yang masih bercawat daun, makan babi ment ...

Siape cakap x ade temadun umah ibu pertiwi time tu... Ini temadun asli ummah ibu pertiwi